The curly symbol at the left of the staff is called a Treble Clef
For now, all the notes you see written on the Treble Clef, will be from Middle C and above, ( to the right of Middle C )
Notes are written on the staff, either placed on the lines of the staff, or in the spaces between the lines.
It just happens that Middle C doesn't go on a line or in a space on the staff. It falls below the staff, and is placed on a short line of it's own, called a ledger, or leger line.
This may sound confusing, but it also makes Middle C easy to spot, so it is not all bad.
Here are the five notes you already know, writen as musical notes.
These notes would normally be coloured black, but here they are red, as in your keyboard template.